Tuesday 29 November 2011

Baking Soda Prevents Kidney Disease, Renal Failure and Kidney Dialysis

A recent study discovered a new use for common household baking soda. TheJournal of the American Society of Nephrology(JASN) reported that a daily dose of baking soda could prevent kidney damage and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a study entitled, Bicarbonate Supplementation Slows Progression of CKD and Improves Nutritional Status. Baking soda prevents kidney disease and dialysis.

Baking soda is made of sodium bicarbonate. It is used in many households for cleaning. It is known to take the smell out of refrigerators and as an abrasive. Baking soda is used in baking, in soft breads, brownies, cookies, and other non-yeast baked goods. Other health uses for baking soda have already been discovered. It can be used internally to treat sunburns, or internally to aid acid indigestion. Some people brush their teeth with baking soda, and dentists are known to use it to clean teeth. Baking soda helps heal mouth sores and apthae ulcers, too.

The study investigated the use of baking soda in individuals with metabolic acidosis. This is a condition in which a person accumulates too much acid in the bloodstream, due to acid indigestion. Low bicarbonate levels contribute to a number of health conditions, and are an indicator of an underlying health problem. A group of 134 patients with this condition were given a daily dose of sodium bicarbonate in tablet form. Over the two year period of the study, participates had two-thirds less decline in their kidney function, compared to the control group. Only nine percent of the group showed any progression of their disease, compared to 45 percent in the other group. Because of this, those on sodium bicarbonate were less likely to develop renal failure and require kidney dialysis.

Because the study was not double blind, further research will be needed to validate these findings. In fact, the doctors knew which patients were taking the baking soda tablets and there was no control group.

Baking soda has no known side effects and is an inexpensive treatment, especially compared to the costs of kidney dialysis or kidney replacement. "This cheap and simple strategy also improves patients' nutritional status, and has the potential of translating into significant economic, quality of life, and clinical outcome benefits," said Magdi Yaqoob, MD, one of the study's organizers.

Simple foods and substances around the home are used for medicine around the world. These old folk remedies are finding newfound use, now that science can validate their healing abilities with modern research.

 source:- Naturalnews

Natural Cures For Fibromyalgia Indications


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source:- vitaminconnection

Why is weight loss hard?



When you're trying to shed more than a few pounds, chances are pretty high that both your brain and hormones are conspiring against you, even when you're not facing a groaning holiday table.
Researchers have long noted that when overweight people lose a significant amount of weight, their metabolism slows down and they have hormonal changes that increase appetite.
In effect, their bodies think they're starving and make them prone to overeat and put most or all of the lost pounds right back on.
But scientists have been uncertain about just how long the inclination to overeat lasts after weight loss.
Apparently, it lasts quite a while. An Australian research team tackled the issue in a study published by The New England Journal of Medicine in October. They studied 50 overweight or obese patients without diabetes and entered them in a weight-loss program that uses a very low-calorie diet intended to have them shed at least 10 percent of their weight.
Researchers measured nine hormones related to appetite as well as participants' self-reported appetite levels before they started the 10-week diet, at its end and then a year later.
Just 36 patients completed the diet and lost the minimum 10 percent of weight. But among this group, the metabolic rate and the hunger hormone levels were still higher than they were when the diets were started.
The researchers said it appears people who drop major weight will need some long-term strategies to counteract urges to eat.
A September report in the Journal of Clinical Investigation used brain-imaging scans to document how hungry brains come to crave high-fat foods.
Researchers at Yale University and the University of Southern California manipulated subjects' blood glucose levels and conducted brain scans while showing them three types of photos: of high- and low-calorie foods and of nonfood.
The scans showed that when glucose levels dropped, an area of the brain known to regulate emotions and impulses lost its ability to dampen desire for higher-calorie foods. The response was particularly pronounced in obese subjects when they were shown high-calorie foods.
"Our prefrontal cortex is a sucker for glucose," said Rajita Sinha, a neurobiologist at Yale and one of the study's senior authors.
Beyond brain and hormonal changes, researchers are also finding significant differences between obese people and slimmer people, and men and women, as to how fast they eat and what it means for total food intake.
Scientists at the University of Rhode Island described results from two studies during a meeting of the Obesity Society in Orlando, Fla., in November.
One lab study sought to confirm and quantify self-reported eating rates into actual consumption. Kathleen Melanson, an associate professor of nutrition, said self-reported "fast" eaters consumed about 3.1 ounces of food a minute; medium-speed eaters downed about 2.5 ounces and slow eaters ingested about 2 ounces.
The researchers also found "very strong gender differences"in eating rates, Melanson said. During a lab lunch, men consumed food at the rate of about 80 calories per minute while women consumed an average of 52 calories.
"The men who reported eating slowly ate at about the same rate as the women who reported eating quickly," Melanson said.
The second study found a close association between eating rate and body mass index, with subjects who had high BMI typically eating faster than those who had a low BMI.
Melanson, director of the Energy Balance Laboratory at the University of Rhode Island, speculates that fast eating may be related to having higher energy needs, since men and heavier people generally have higher energy needs.
She wants to do additional studies to see how specific slow-eating techniques influence appetite and weight loss, and whether teaching fast-paced eaters to eat slowly can help with weight management.
source:- seattletimes

Saturday 26 November 2011

Chinese Medicine Could Be An Effective Option for Childless Couples

 Chinese Medicine Could Be An Effective Option for Childless CouplesTraditional Chinese medicine double the chances of conceiving in couples with fertility problems as compared to western drugs, finds a new study.

 
The researchers at Adelaide University, Australia, reviewed eight clinical trials, 13 other studies and case reports comparing the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with western drugs or IVF treatment. 


The review, funded by the Australian government, included 1,851 women with infertility problems, and the clinical trials alone found a 3.5 rise in pregnancies over a four-month period among women using TCM compared with western medicine. 

Other data covering 616 women within the review showed 50 percent of women having TCM got pregnant compared with 30 percent of those receiving IVF treatment. 

The overall analysis concluded that there was a two-fold increase in the likelihood of getting pregnant in a four-month period for women using TCM as compared with orthodox approaches. 

"Our meta-analysis suggests traditional Chinese herbal medicine to be more effective in the treatment of female infertility - achieving on average a 60 percent pregnancy rate over four months compared with 30 percent achieved with standard western drug treatment," the Daily Mail quoted the study's authors as saying. 

According to the study, the difference appeared to be due to the careful analysis of the menstrual cycle, the period when it is possible for a woman to conceive, by TCM practitioners. 

The study has been published in the journal Complementary Therapies in Medicine.

 source:- MedIndia

PHARMACIST'S OATH


PHARMACIST’S OATH


􀂙 I Swear by the code of Ethics of Pharmacy Council of India in relation to the community and shall act as an integral part of health care team.


􀂙 I shall uphold the laws and standards governing my profession.


􀂙 I shall strive to perfect and enlarge my knowledge to contribute to the advancement of pharmacy and public health.


􀂙 I shall follow the system, which I consider best for pharmaceutical care and counseling of patients.


􀂙 I shall endeavour to discover and manufacture drugs of quality to alleviate sufferings of humanity.


􀂙 I shall hold in confidence the knowledge gained about the patients in connection with professional practice and never divulge unless compelled to do so by the law.


􀂙 I shall associate with organizations having their objectives for betterment of the profession of Pharmacy and make contribution to carry out the work of those organisations.


􀂙 While I continue to keep this Oath inviolated, may it be granted to me to enjoy life and the practice of pharmacy respected by all, at all times!


􀂙 Should I trespass and violate this oath, may the reverse be my lot!

There's a spider bite that can cause 4 hour erections



The Brazilian wandering spider appeared in the Guinness World Records 2010 as the world's most venomous spider. The neurotoxin causes loss of muscle control and asphyxiation, and the bite causes intense pain and inflammation.
However, the venom can also cause priapism, a medical condition in which the penis or clitoris does not return to its flaccid state. These erections can last for many hours and even cause impotence! Still, scientists have broken down the components of the venoms and are studying one of them as treatment for erectile dysfunction!
It seems right now they haven't been able to get the treatment to achieve the erectile function without causing loss of muscle control... which would render the treatment pointless. Still, they're hard at work trying to figure this out. 
source:- OMG Facts

Transplanted Embryonic Neurons may Rectify Metabolic Defects in Mice

Immature neurons from healthy mouse embryos can repair damaged brain circuitry and partially normalize metabolism when transplanted into adult mice, a new study has said. This experiment was conducted in mice that had grown morbidly obese due to a genetic deficiency.
This proof-of-principle discovery represents one step down a long road toward neuronal replacement therapy, which researchers hope might one day be used to repair brains that have been injured by trauma or disease. 

Artur Czupryn and colleagues took the immature neurons from the hypothalamus of wild-type mouse embryos and transplanted them into the hypothalamus of adult mice lacking a receptor for the hormone, leptin, which is known to regulate body weight. The researchers observed that the donor neurons were able to differentiate into four distinct neuronal types that then formed functional connections in the brains of the obese mice. 

Their study appears in the 25 November 2011 issue of the journal Science, which is published by AAAS, the nonprofit science society. 

"We chose this problem not because, even for a moment, we would pursue the idea of neuron transplantation for the treatment of obesity," explained Jeffrey Macklis from Harvard University, a corresponding author of the report. "What we did was take this very complicated circuitry in the hypothalamus that has a very clear, measurable outcome—not only obesity in the mice, but changes in their serum glucose (like diabetic human beings have), changes in their insulin levels and changes in their fat vs. lean body weights—and we used that complex circuitry as a test case for whether precisely selected and controlled neuron transplants could really rewire the brain." 

The transplanted neurons did apparently restore leptin signaling in the brains of the obese mice because the rodents slimmed down and their metabolism began returning to normal levels, according to Czupryn and his colleagues. 

"What we found is that these neurons not only turned into the right kinds of cells, but that they sent signals to the recipients' brain and received signals from the recipients' brain," said Macklis. 

Although the researchers say that neuronal replacement is certainly not a practical approach to treating obesity, their study nonetheless provides evidence that the transplantation of donor neurons at the appropriate stage of development can promote functional recovery of a brain region that controls a complex phenotype. 



 source:- MedIndia

Friday 25 November 2011

The Impact of Alcohol Consumption on Your Blood



Alcohol beverage marketers like to show people enjoying things like a cold beer on a hot day to quench thirst. While alcohol might be a liquid, it certainly is not one that hydrates the body. And this is apparent in the way alcohol affects the components of the bloodstream.
Many like to have a cold beer on a hot day because they think that it quenches their thirst. However nothing can be further from the truth about this. Alcohol actually robs the body of water. This is just one of the ways alcohol consumption impacts the body and there are more effects it has in your body’s bloodstream.
When alcohol is first transferred to the stomach after imbibing, it must be diluted with water in order for it to be absorbed. It is interesting to note that water will not pass through a membrane of animal tissue until it has the appropriate level of water dilution. In effect, this water dilution will give the alcohol the right ionic charge so that it can pass through the membrane and be absorbed by an organ like the stomach. However, alcohol needs a lot of water and needs it fast so it steals the water from surrounding tissues until they are dehydrated. And of course this is why we feel thirsty after imbibing alcoholic beverages for a length of time as this process is robbing your body of water.
Then there are the lungs. As the alcohol in the bloodstream circulates through the lungs, some of it gets let out into the air. In addition to the alcohol vapor being passed by the lungs, it is also passed through the pores of the body. Of course the more alcohol consumed, the stronger the odor and the more likely that others will detect it by its smell. A small amount of alcohol in the person’s body does not emit these odors because it is held within the blood by the spirit / water bonding.
Passing through the lungs, the blood flows to the heart and is pushed out through the arterial network of the body. This is where the alcohol in the blood stream extends to every part of the body—all the way down to the tiniest of blood vessels known and the arterioles. At the arterioles, the journey begins back to the heart by passing the blood back through what are known as veins. The blood must return back to the heart in order to be oxygenated again. The point to remember here is that alcohol finds its way to each and every organ in the body. We are referring to every part: the brain, bones, the entire blood vessel system, and all organs. If the organ or part of the body does not excrete, the alcohol remains in the body system much longer.
In parts of the body containing more water than others, the alcohol will stay longer. And, there are organs like the liver and kidneys that have a system of purging liquids from the body and so the alcohol escapes much quicker there. The remaining alcohol continues to pass around through the circulation system only to be broken down at some point into a non-toxic substance.
Understanding of the path alcohol follows throughout the body is crucial to understanding how the toxin affects its vital organs and structures. It helps us understand how alcohol can make physical changes to many different parts of the body due to prolonged or even short periods of consumption. Alcohol has little effect on the blood because the blood is full of water. But there are instances where the amount of alcohol consumed can be dangerous and even cause death. Remember alcohol for what it is—a toxin. And when the blood becomes saturated with alcohol it can pass a threshold where even the water in the bloodstream cannot prevent the toxin from causing death.
There is a substance in the blood known as fibrin that is a natural clotting agent. A clotting agent causes the blood to coagulate so that you don’t bleed to death because of a minor cut. It exists in a normal bloodstream at about two to three parts per thousand. Other components of the blood include albumen (occurs 70 parts per thousand) and other salts (occurring 10 parts per thousand). Another very important component of the blood is the corpuscles or blood globules which are the tiny round bodies found throughout the bloodstream. Alcohol becomes intermingled and comes in contact with all of these blood components.
Taking a look at corpuscles a little more, we see that they are cells but are shaped like smooth discs with a small area depressed in the middle. They are red in color just like the blood they exist in. Another type of cell in the blood is what we know as the white cell. The white cells also exist and in the bloodstream and flow throughout the network of body blood vessels. It is interesting to note that within the bloodstream, the red blood cells will flow in the center of the stream while the white blood cells will move slower on the outer edges. There are fewer white blood cells than red blood cells.
Our interest here is mostly with the red blood cells and their importance in the respiration functions of the body. These are the cells that take in the oxygen we breath and have the task of getting that oxygen to all parts of the body—even to the most extreme parts. However getting the oxygen to the tissues and parts of the body is only part of the job of the blood. The other part is absorbing the carbon dioxide gas produced by this process and return it to the lungs so that the waste gas can be exhaled. And the cycle starts over when oxygen enters the lungs and refreshes the bloodstream again.
When alcohol becomes intermingled with the other components of the blood like the fibrin, albumen, fatty substances, salts, and water, it can have a very disturbing effect on them. It is simple to take a small sample of blood tainted with alcohol, put it under the microscope, and carefully examine the impact it is having on all of the blood components. We are mostly referring to the effects of alcohol on the blood when large amounts are consumed. With small, insignificant amounts, no effects are detected.
The actual effects of alcohol can vary from one person to the next. Effects seen in some subjects include causing the corpuscles to cluster. This clustering of the corpuscles can alter their otherwise smooth outline. The outline that was once smooth and well-defined develops a star effect or irregular shape. The corpuscle that is normally round changes into an oval shape. In certain extreme cases, the shape that develops is truncated and immensely different from the circular shape that is seen normally. In fact, the change in the shape is so great that it is hard to determine if the component being observed is actually a blood cell.
These changes in the forms of the corpuscles are due to the fact that the alcohol in the bloodstream tries to extract water from these cells. Because the alcohol is extracting the water that the cells need, their ability to transfer oxygen to and carbon dioxide from the body is greatly impaired. Plus, when the cells form in clusters because of the effects of alcohol, this prevents them from freely passing through the small blood vessels of the lungs which are crucial to respiration.
And alcohol, when consumed excessively, acts adversely against the coagulant properties of the blood. More specifically, it affects the fibrin and other colloidal substances so crucial to keeping someone from bleeding to death if they get cut. Here again, the alcohol absorbs the water and it is the water that retains the fibrin in the bloodstream. While the effect might be a reduction in the ability of the fibrin to produce coagulation, there may be another adverse and serious effect in that coagulation within the bloodstream is produced. This could cause dangerous internal blood clotting.
source:- MedicalNeeds

Evening Primrose Oil Benefits Fertility and Treats Heart Disease and Arthritis

Evening Primrose oil is obtained from the flower of the Oenothera biennis plant, a wildflower found across the United States. The plant has been used to treat a variety of illnesses including heart disease, infertility, preeclampsia, arthritis, depression, juvenile hyperactivity, impaired immunity, as well as alcoholism and obesity.

Evening Primrose Contains Gamma Linolenic Acid
The seeds of the evening primrose plant contain gamma linolenic acid, or GLA, which is a fatty acid used by the body for a variety of functions. The evening primrose is one of the few sources of this essential fatty acid. GLA aids the body in reducing inflammation because it stimulates the production of prostaglandins, abbreviated as PFE1. Prostaglandins are messenger molecules that act in a manner similar to hormones, but are produced throughout the body. They were first identified in the prostate gland, hence the name.

Evening Primrose in Native American Healing
Called King's Cure-all by the early inhabitants of North America, the plant has a long history in healing and was used by the Native American healers for a variety of illnesses, including hangovers. They also found the plant useful in treating skin problems as well as digestive complaints and liver toxicity. The plant was found to be especially useful to women and modern science has proven this effectiveness.

Evening Primrose and Fertility
Evening Primrose oil increases fertility because of its effect on mucous production in the cervix. The increased mucous aids fertilization. The oil is also used to reduce the risk of preeclampsia and eclampsia, two conditions that threaten pregnancies. Preeclampsia is marked by high blood pressure during pregnancy and can lead to serious complications for both mother and child.

Evening Primrose's Effect on Cholesterol and Heart Health
High cholesterol levels can be reduced by consuming evening primrose oil. The oil has even been shown to reduce high blood pressure. The mechanism appears to be the action of the prostaglandins (PGE1) on preventing blood clotting and arterial spasming.

Evening Primrose for Weight Loss
Evening Primrose oil has also been used to stimulate fat burning in weight loss regimes, as it encourages the fatty tissue to burn calories.

Evening Primrose and Skin Conditions
Evening primrose oil has been used to treat eczema and dry dermatitis. It is added to many creams and formulas for this purpose. Studies have shown its effectiveness in treating a variety of non-inflammatory types of dermatitis as well as psoriasis and acne.

Evening Primrose Benefits Arthritis
Research has shown that evening primrose oil may be helpful in treating symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. The method of action appears to be the reduction of inflammation produced by the prostaglandins.

Side Effects of Evening Primrose Oil
The oil has few side effects, according to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, but can cause stomach upsets or headaches. Pregnant women are not advised to take evening primrose oil, along with those on blood thinning or epileptic medication.

 source:- NaturalNews

Lilly Provides Additional Funding to Research Institute to Identify New Tuberculosis Therapies


Eli Lilly and Company (NYSE: LLY) is providing more than $4 million in additional funding to the Infectious Disease Research Institute. The funding will allow IDRI to continue its early phase drug discovery efforts focused on identifying new and better therapies in the fight against tuberculosis, including multidrug-resistant strains known as MDR-TB. In addition, Lilly will provide more than $1 million in-kind for volunteer time from Lilly scientists and access to the company's drug discovery expertise, chemical libraries, and research tools.
These additional commitments bring Lilly's total support of early stage TB drug discovery efforts through IDRI to more than $20 million - and Lilly's total funding of TB and MDR-TB efforts to more than $170 million.
IDRI is a member of the Lilly TB Drug Discovery Initiative, a not-for-profit public-private partnership focused on accelerating early stage drug discovery for potential new treatments for TB. TB and MDR-TB disproportionately affect people in countries with developing economies.
"While preventable and treatable, nearly 1.5 million people die from TB and MDR-TB every year," said John C. Lechleiter, Ph.D., Eli Lilly and Company chairman, president and chief executive officer. "Today's TB drugs are decades old and must be taken for extended periods of time, which present challenges for patients and health care providers. More effective medicines with fewer side effects are desperately needed."
Lechleiter will address the company's new funding commitment to IDRI on Friday morning during a speech at the Washington Biotechnology and Biomedical Association (WBBA) meeting in Bellevue. During his speech, Lechleiter also will address multiple other issues important to the biopharmaceutical industry, including public policies supporting an environment that stimulates medical innovation.
Lilly TB Drug Discovery Initiative
The Lilly TB Drug Discovery Initiative was created in 2007 to accelerate early stage drug discovery by bringing together specialists from around the world for the systematic exploration of vast, private molecular libraries in search of new TB treatments.
Located within IDRI's base in Seattle, the Lilly TB Drug Discovery Initiative involves representatives of government agencies, philanthropic organizations, pharmaceutical companies, universities, and other research institutions. Its most important goal is filling the pipeline with future TB drugs.
Lilly provided $15 million to launch and support the effort for a five-year period. Included in Lilly's initial funding was $9 million in-kind - including fully equipped high-throughput screening and chemistry laboratories, research tools, and scientific and technical expertise - plus $6 million in cash to seed the organization. In addition to this initial funding, Lilly provided access to a library of compounds - which has now grown to more than 800,000 compounds.
Today's announcement of an additional $4.2 million in funding will allow IDRI to further its early phase drug discovery efforts focused on TB and MDR-TB through 2016.
Steven Reed, president, chief scientific officer and founder of IDRI said, "We are excited that Lilly is extending its support of our TB drug discovery program. It's a real vote of confidence in the quality of our scientists' work and the productivity of our collaborations."
Lilly's Evolving Role in the Fight against TB
In 1996, the nonprofit organization Partners in Health began pioneering work that demonstrated cure rates of more than 80 percent could be achieved for patients with MDR-TB using several drugs, including two Lilly antibiotics that the company had planned to stop manufacturing.
Lilly began offering the two medicines at steep discounts to countries facing MDR-TB outbreaks, increased its own production capacity and began freely transferring its manufacturing technology to local manufacturers in countries hit hardest by the disease.
This work officially evolved into The Lilly MDR-TB Partnership in 2003, becoming one of Lilly's signature corporate responsibility programs. Lilly originally committed $70 million to launch the partnership, elevate MDR-TB on the global health agenda, and transfer the company's technology. In 2007, Lilly expanded the duration and scope for the MDR-TB partnership by committing an additional $50 million to the collaboration to complete the technology transfer and strengthen awareness, prevention, and care for patients who suffer from MDR-TB. In October 2011, Lilly announced it would commit an additional $30 million to The Lilly MDR-TB Partnership to provide training for healthcare workers and to improve supply and access to safe, effective, and quality-assured second-line drugs.
Recognizing that new treatment options were needed, the company also launched the Lilly TB Drug Discovery Initiative in 2007 to spur early drug discovery efforts. Including today's announcement, Lilly has now committed more than $170 million to the global fight against TB and MDR-TB.
"Our financial contribution is small compared to the billions of dollars needed to fight TB and MDR-TB," said Lechleiter. "We cannot solve this global challenge alone, but — given our unique experience and capabilities - we will continue to play an important role as a catalyst."
About TB and MDR-TB
TB is caused by airborne bacteria that can spread to any organ of the body, but most often is found in the lungs. Symptoms may include severe and prolonged coughing, fever, weight loss, chest pain, and night sweats. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines MDR-TB as resistance to at least two first line anti-TB medicines. This type of TB often develops in patients who do not complete treatment for regular TB or who have failed first-line treatment.
source:- worldpharmanews 

Thursday 24 November 2011

CPHl india


CPhI India
30 Nov - 2 Dec 2011 Mumbai
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